Means for filling and sealing cartons



5 SheetsqSheet 1 Inf L. R. MUSKAT IEANS FOR FILLING AND SEALING CARTONSFiled Oct. 31, 1927 u ,1 uw u @NAN s Mv uNN. u I MML wm NRJ Feb. 3,1931.

Feb. 3, 1 931. L. R. MUsKAT MEANS FOR FILLING AND SEALING CARTONS 5Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 31. 1927 Feb. 3, 1931.

Y. L, R. MUsKAT MEANS FOR FILLING AND SEALING GARTONS Filed Oct. 3l,1927 5 Sheets-Sheet V3 ufen or Filed Oct. 31, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 (TPTlelf.

v Il mmmylhfen 0T' 0m l? MMM Feb/3, 1931. L. R. MUSKAT MEANS FOR FILLINGAND SALING CARTON$ Filed Oct. 3l. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Feb. 3,1931vv UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LOUIS R. MUSKAT, 0F CHICAGO,ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO TRIANGLE PACKAGING COM- PANY, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINO11C., A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS MEANS FOR FILLING AND SEALING CAR-TONSApplication led October 31, 1927. Serial No. 229,823.

This invention relates to improvements in means for filling and sealingcartons and it consists of the matters hereinafter described and moreparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The primary object of the invention is to provide an improved meanswhereby eollapsed cartons may be set up, filled with the desiredmaterial and then sealed with speed and accuracy.

Another object of the invention is to provide a means for this purposewherein operation is substantially continuous and wherein the freshlyglued iaps of the botn toni ends of the set up cartons are held inproper superposed relation by the weight of the filling material afterwhich the iaps of the open top ends are glued and folded into superposedrelation, pressure thereafter being simultaneously imposed upon bothends of the filled carton until they set hard enough to remain sealedwith no other agencies than the glue employed upon said iiaps.

These objects of the invention as well as others together with the manyadvantages thereof will more fully appear as I proceed with myspecification.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a View in side elevation of the preferred form of apparatusembodying my invention for filling and sealing cartons.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view on an enlarged scale of the left hand end ofthe apparatus shown in Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view through that end of theapparatus illustrated in Fig. 2, the plane of the section beingindicated by the line 3-3 of said Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical section through one end of the apparatuson an enlarged scale as taken on the line H of Fig. 3.

Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are detail transverse vertical sectional detail viewson an enlarged scale asrtaken on thelines 5*-5, 6--6, and 7 7respectively of Fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a detail view in side elevation on an enlarged scale of a partof the apparatus at the right hand end of Fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a transverse vertical sectional view through the apparatus astaken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a detail perspective view of that part of the apparatus bywhich glue is applied to one of the end flaps of the cartons and againstwhich the operator engages said flaps to bring or fold them intosuperposed relation.

v Figs. 1l, l2 and 13 are det-ail views in perspective showing thevarious steps of applying glue to one end Hap, folding the same overupon two other folded over fiaps and then folding over the fourth flaprespectively to close' the end of the carton.

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of one of the carton blanks in itscollapsed condition.

Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the carton when expanded or opened intorectangular shape but before any of the flaps thereof have been turnedin or glued.

The improved means is semi-automatic in its nature in that a part of theoperations on the cartons are performed manually by the operators whileother parts of the operations are performed by the apparatus. In generalthe invention contemplates the provision of cartons in their collapsedstate ready for manipulation by the operator, the carton f being of thewell known kind having a pair of side flaps and front and rear flaps ateach end. The operator grasps one of these collapsed cartons and opensit into rectangular box form, at the same time folding inwardly the twoside flaps and after applying glue to both sides of one of the remainingflaps,

this flap is engaged against a folder arm to bring it into superposedrelation upon the folded over side flaps. Following this operation, theoperator by a movement of the thumbs, folds the remaining or last flapinwardly into superposed engagement upon the glued flap and this closesone end of the carton. The closed end of the carton is placed facedownward upon a moving belt which forms a part of the apparatus and thisbelt conveys it into a position beneath a weighing hopper to be filled,the carton being held against movement during the filling thereof. Afterbeing filled, the carton proceeds to the station of a second operatorwho picks up the filled carton and closes the flaps upon the previousopen top end of the carton in the manner before mentioned. ln. thismovement of the carton from the filler mechanism to the station of thesecond operator, the filling material imposes sufficient weight upon theclosed bottom so that the glue sets sufficiently to permit handling bythe second operator. closed the second operator places the carton in anupright position between the laps of.

coacting conveyor belts to be moved toward the discharge end of theapparatus.y These laps which move at the same speed and in the samedirection are so spaced apart as to provide just enough pressure endwiseon the filled and closed carton as to insure proper contact between thevarious flaps so vthat when the carton is discharged, the glue will haveset to that degree permitting handling of the filled cartons withoutfalling apart under the weight of the filler.

Referring now in detail to the apparatus illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings: 1 indicates as a whole the elongated horizon# tally disposedframe of the apparatus which consists of a pair of front and rear,parallel angle bars 2 and 3 respectively, mounted upon the top ends oflongitudinally spaced, upright standards 4, 5 and 6 respectively. 1nthis instance the vertical ianges of the angle bars face downwardly andthe horizontal flanges thereof face forwardly and rearwardlyrespectively as best shown in lhg. 4.

On the frame thus described are mounted two conveyors 7 and 8respectively, each in be referred to as the discharge conveyor,

the latter travelling at a slower rate than the former.

The conveyor belt 7 is trained about pulleys 9 and 10 respectively, eachfixed to transverse shafts 11 and 12 respectively at the feed end of theapparatus, said shafts eachbeing journalledin pairs of brackets 13 and14 respectively depending from the angle bars 2 and 3. Associated wit-hthe brackets 13-13 is a suitable mechanism arranged on the frame andincluding hand screws 15 by which the brackets 13-13 may be adjustedlongitudinally of the frame to impart the desired tautness to this belt.

The conveyor 8 is also trained about pulleys 16 and 17 respectively, thepulley 16 being arranged near the pulley 10 beforementhe discharge endof the frame.

After both ends of the carton arev tioned and the pulley 17 beingarranged at Said pulleys 16 4and 17` are mounted on transverse shafts 18and 19 respectively, journalled in pairs of brackets 20 and 21respectively, depending from the under side ofthe angle bars 2 and 3before mentioned. As before stated this conveyor belt is a substantiallylong one and its bottom lap passes over pulleys 22 and 22a arranged nearthe standard 5 and supported from the angle bars 2 and 3. Associatedwith these pulleys is a tension pulley 23 under which said bottom lappasses so that the desired tautness in said conveyor belt is maintained.

Near the discharge end of the apparatus on the rear side thereof is agear reduction casing 24 which includes top, bottom and intermediatetransversely extending shafts 25, 26 and 27 respectively. Theintermediate shaft 27 is journalled in brackets 28 depending from theangle bars 2 and 3 while the top and bottom shafts 25 and 26 areournalled in the gear casing which is supported from the frame in anysuitable manner. The shaft 25 carries a sprocket 29 on that side of thecasing adjacent the frame while the shaft 26 carries a pulley 3() onthat side of the casing opposite the frame and on the shaft 27 near therear angle bar 3 is a bevel pinion 31. The pulley 30 is driven by a belt32 from a motor 33 arranged on the floor or support adjacent thestandard 6 while a chain 34 operatively connects the sprocket 29 withanother sprocket 35 on the pulley shaft 19.

36 indicates a longitudinally extending shaft located to the rear of theframe, said shaft being journalled in brackets 37 depending from therear angle bar 3. On one end of said shaft is secured a bevel pinion 36ameshing with the bevel pinion 3l on the transverse shaft 27 while theother end of said shaft extends toward and beyondl the standard 4. Atransverse shaft 38 arranged at a point between the pulley shaft 18 andthe standard 5 is operatively driven (by means not shown) from thelongitudinal shaft 36 and said shaft operatively drives the pulley shaft14 through a speed increasing means 39 which includes suitable chainsand sprockets as best indicated in Fig. 1. The arrangement for theconveyors above described is such that'the conveyor belt 7 is driven ata speed faster than that of the conveyor 8. Arranged in the plane of thetop laps of the conveyors 7 and 8 to bridgethe gap or space between thepulleys 10 and 16 are transverse rods 40 over which cartons may move inthe transfer thereof from one conveyor to the other as will laterappear.

Associated with the adjacent ends of the conveyors 7 and 8 respectivelyis a longitudinally extending carton guide indicated as a whole at 41 inFigs. 1 and 2. This guide com- `plane of the standard 4 and extend overthe space with the rods 40 between the adjacent conveyor ends and asuitable distance beyond the same and their purpose is to guide thecartons in a definite path as they travel upon said conveyors.

45 indicates a longitudinally extending cani shaft arranged a suitabledistance above and to the rear of the rear angle bar 3. This shaft issuitably journalled at its ends in brackets 46 and 47 respectively fixedto said angle bar. Also journalled in said brackets in a plane above andforwardly of and para-L lel with the cam shaft is a rock shaft 48. Thecam shaft is driven by suitable sprocket and chain arrangement 49 fromthe shaft 36 before mentioned and spaced longitudinally on 51 and saidshaft 45 is a plurality of cams 5() 52 respectively.

As best shown in Fig. 5, the bracket 46 is provided with an uprightextension 53 in which a vertically reciprocating rod 54 has a guidedbearing. Secured to said rod is a collar 55 operatively connected by alink 56 to one end or arm of a rocking lever 57 which is pivoted to theextension 53 as at 58 in said figure. The other end or arm of the lever57 is connected to the top end of a connecting rod 59 which carries ayoke 60 at its bottom end. In said yoke is an elongated slot 61 throughwhich the cam shaft 45 extends to guide the yoke in its movement andbelow said slot isjournalled a roller 62 engageable by the cam 50.

On the top end of the reciprocating rod 54 is secured a horizontallydisposed substantially V shaped member 55a, one leg 56'f1 of whichoverhangs and is arranged in a plane between the planes of the cartonguide bars 42 and 43 respectively as best shown in Fig. 2. Dependingfrom said leg are two vertically disposed rods 57a57a which carry ahorizontally disposed flat bar-like presser foot 58a the purpose ofwhich is to lightly hold a set up, open top ended carton down upon theconveyor 7. It is apparent that through 'the mechanism described avertical reciprocation is imparted to said presser foot.

59a indicates a bell crank lever fixed to the rock shaft 48 in thevicinity of the plane of the cam 51. One arm 60a of said leveradjustably carries a roller 61a to be engaged by said caln 51 while theother arm 62a of said lever carries a brake shoe 62b adjustable in derthe action of the cam 51 the brake shoe moves toward and away from therear side of the cartons on the conveyor 7 between the carton guide barsand holds them against movement under the action of the conveyor.Associated with the cam 52 is a second bell. crank lever 63 having ashort arm 64 carrying a'roller 65 to be engaged by the cam 52 and a longarm 66 having an extension 67 projecting toward the cartons on theconveyor 7. This lever is so positioned with respect to the dischargespout 68 of an automatic material weighing and discharging apparatus 69indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 1, that in the swinging movement ofsaid lever the extension will swing into the path of movement of thecartons to stop one under the spout 68 to be filled with material and sosoon as said carton is filled, said extension is withdrawn to permit thefilled carton to pass on or move with the conveyor after which saidlever again swings to bring said extension into a position to stop thenext carton under the spout for filling and so on.

Arranged above the discharge end of the lconveyor 8 is an associatedconveyor 70 in the form of an endless belt. This conveyor is trainedabout rollers 71-72 mounted on transverse shafts 7 3 and 74respectively. Said shafts are j ournalled in brackets 75-76respectively, having a longitudinally adjustable connection with theends of a pair of longitudinally extending angle bars 77 whereby thedesired tautness of this conveyor' may be maintained. Said pair of anglebars are attached. to inverted U shaped yokes 78 each having an uprightscrew threaded post 7 9 extending through a suitable sleeve 8O in thetop cross member 81 of an inverted U shaped standard 82 that straddlesthe conveyor 70, the upright legs 83-83 of said standards rising tromthe angle bars 2 and 3 of the apparatus frame. On the top end of eachpost 79 is a hand wheel by which the conveyor 70 as a whole may be movedaway from or toward the conveyor 8 whereby the spacing between the toplap of said conveyor 8 and the bottom lap of the conveyor 70 which movein the same direction, at the same speed may be adjusted to a nicety.Preferably the horizontal flanges of the angle bars 77-77 which faceoutwardly are notched out as best shown in Fig. 9 to have a guidingbearing engagement with the inner surfaces of the legs 88 of thestandards 82.

The driving means for the conveyor 70 is best shown in Fig. 8 and is ofthe following construction. Swingably mounted on one end of the pulleyshaft 19 of the conveyor 8 is an arm 84 which carries at its free end astub shaft 85. On the rear end of this stub shaft is lfixed a gear 86which meshes with a gear 87 on the pulley shaft 19. Adjacent the gear 86is a sprocket Wheel 88. On the front end of said stub shaft is journalled the bottom end of a connecting rod 89 the top end of which isjournalled on the pulley shaft 84 of the conveyor 70. n said pulleyshaft is :fixed a sprocket 90 driven by a chain 91 from the sprocket 88.This arrangement is such that it drives the conveyor one to one withrespect to the conveyor 8 irrespective of the vertical spacing oradjustment thereof between said conveyors. i

Associated with the apparatus thus far described 1 provide two glue orother adhesive feeding means indicated at 92 and 93 respectively as bestshown in Fig. l and as said means do not form an essential feature ofthe present invention and as they are both alike they will only bedescribed generally and like parts will bear similar reference numerals.Preferably one of said means is positioned at the extreme feed end ofthe apparatus and the other is positioned in advance of the conveyor 70,and both at the rear side of the frame 1.

Each glue feedingr means comprises a bracket 94 (see Fig. 4) secured tothe angle bars 2 and 3 and an upright rear extension 95. Fixed tothefront face of this extension is a glue pot or container 96 and arrangedtransversely of said extension is ashaft 97. On the front end of saidshaft is a roller 98 of substantially large diameter so arranged thatits bottom portion runs in the glue in said box. O11 the rear end ofthis shaft is fixed a spur gear 99 `and a bevel p inion 100respectively. On the top end of said extension 95 is a saddle 101capable of a rocking tilting adjustment about a horizontal shaft 102arranged at a right angle to and above the shaft 97. In this saddle isjournalled a shaft 103 arranged parallel with and above the shaft 97 andon the front end of said shaft 103 is fixed a roller 104 having aperipheral engagement with the roller 98. On the rear end of this shaftis fixed a pinion 105 meshing with the gear 99. The extension 95includes a rearwardly oset arm 106 in which is journalled alongitudinally extending stub shaft 107 and on one end thereof is abevel pinion 108 meshing with the pinion 100 and on the other endthereof is a pulley 109 driven by a belt 110 from another pulley 111 onthe shaft 36.

On one end of the glue box is adjustably mounted a blade 112 by whichthe amount of glue picked up by the roller 98 may be regulated. On thefront face of the glue box is a cam shaped arm 113 which provides aguide for the introduction of one of the carton flaps between the gluerolls 98 and 104 respectively. Made integral with this arm is ahorizontally disposed rod like extension 114 against which the gluedcarton flap is manually pressed to fold it over upon other flaps of thecarton as will later appear.

The carton is best illustrated in Figs. 14 and 15 respectively Where itis indicated as tremor a Whole by the numeral 115. .It comprises atubular body composed of front and rear wall-s 116 and 117 respectivelyand side walls 118-118 and each wall has a flap 116a-117a and 118erespectively at both ends. r1`he flaps 116e and 117e are each of an areaapproximating the plan area of thel carton While the iaps 118aapproximate about one half of said area. rThe cartons in their collapsedform (as shown in Fig. 14) are placed in a posit-ion convenient for anoperator whose station is approximately in front of the first glueapplying means 92, the station of the second operator being in front ofthe glue applying means 93.

In carrying out the improved method, the first operator picks up acollapsed carton and opens it into tubular form by pressing upon theside edges thereof. During this opening up of the collapsed carton, theoperator, with the index fingers of both hands, folds the side flaps118a-118a at one end of the carton in toward each other and at the sametime places the lower flaps 116a or 117e on the bottom side of thecarton upon the guide 113 and moves it therealong so that said flappasses between the glue rolls 98 and 104 of the first glue applyingmeans 92 so as to have a coating or film of glue applied to both sidesthereof as best shown in Fig. 11.

After passing said flap between the glue rolls; the carton is manuallymoved over (or lengthwise) of the extension 114and at the same time anendwise movement of the carton toward the extension will cause said fiapto be folded over into engagement with the already folded over sideflaps 118a-118a as best shown in Fig. 12. With the thumbs of the hands;the operator folds the other flap 116m or 117e over upon the glued flapas shown in Fig. 13 to complete the folding of the various iaps to closethis end of the box. The operator then places the closed end of thecarton down upon the conveyor and guides it in between the carton guides41-42 with the liaps of the now open top end standing upright. Thisinsertion of the carton between said guides is made of course when thepresser foot 58EL is elevated or in its uppermost position. `Thereafterother cartons are operated upon in the same manner by the operator.After one carton has been inlso serted in the guide as described withthe top end flaps standing upright as before mentioned, the presser footmoves down far enough to exert a gentle endwise pressure on the topedges of said flaps of the carton so that the glued flaps (on the bottomof the empty open top end of the carton) are gently urged against theconveyor 7 and will not open up under their natural tendency and thuscause separation between the freshly glued flaps.

The first carton then moves in the guide until it is arrested by theextension 67 as before described wherein the open end carton ispositioned beneath the filling spout 68 of the Weighing apparatus 69when said spout automatically discharges the desired amount of materialinto the open end of the carton. During this filling ol the carton. thenext carton is also arrested by the brake shoe 62 at a position spacedfrom the carton being filled as best shown in Fig. 2 so that said cartonbeing filled is in t'act isolated from and in no way is disturbed bysucceeding cartons. l

After the first carton has been filled the extension or stop (i7 isretracted to release the filled carton which then travels with theconveyor until it engages upon the rods 40 bridging the space betweenthe conveyors 7 and 8 respectively. after which the second or nextcarton moves into position beneath the spout to be filled therefrom. Inthe movement of the first filled carton, toward the gap bridging rods,the weight of the contained filling material is sufficient to hold theglued flaps until they set sufficiently to permit further handoperations to which they must be subjected.

When the open ended. filled carton passes the ends of the guides, thesecond operator grasps said carton and feeds the extended flaps to thesecond glue applying means 93 just as described in connection with thefirst means 92 so that both ends of the carton are closed and sealed.The second operator then places the carton in an upright position backupon the conveyor S which carries it under the conveyor 70 so that theflaps are held closed with a Igentle pressure to permit setting of theglued flaps. The speed of the conveyors S and 70 together With thelength thereof is such as to permit a good setting of the glued flaps sothat When said filled and scaled cartons are discharged by saidoonveyors they will amply withstand such further handling thereof as isnecessary without coming apart. Other cartons are operated upon in thesame manner so that While the method is substantially continuous it issemi-automatic and a great number of cartons may be operated upon in buta minimum of time. Y

Vhile in describing my invention, I have referred in detail to the formand arrangement of the various parts thereof, the same is to beconsidered as by Way of illustration only so that I do not Wish to belimited th-ereto except as may be pointed out in the appended claims.

l claim as my invention:

l. An apparatus of the kind described embodying therein a movablesupport, means adjacent one end thereof for applying glue to the flapsat one end of the carton so that they may be folded into superposedrelation to close said end of the carton, means acting upon the flaps onthe open end of the carton for gently urging it down upon said support,means for lling the carton through its open end While on said movingsupport, a second means for applying glue to the fiaps at the open endof the lle carton so that said fiaps may be folded to close said end,and means associated With the other end of said moving support forapplying pressure to both ends of th'e carton While on said support toset the glued and folded fiaps thereof.

Q. An apparatus of the kind described embodying therein a movablesupport, means adjacent one end thereof for applying glue to the flapsat one end of the carton so that they may be folded into superposedrelation to close said end of the carton, means acting upon the flaps onthe open top end of the carton for gently urging the carton down uponsaid support, means for filling the carton through its open end While onsaid moving support, a second means for applying glue to the fiaps atthe open end of the filled carton so that said'flaps may be folded toclose said end, and a movable endless belt associated with the other endof the movable support for applying pressure to both ends of the cartonWhile on said support to set the glued and folded flaps thereof.

3. An apparatus of the kind described embodying therein a movablesupport, means adjacent one end thereof for applying glue to the fiapsat one end of the carton so that they may be folded into superposedrelation to close said end of the carton, means acting upon the edges ofthe fiaps on the open end of the carton for gently urging the cartondown upon said support, means for filling the carton through its openend While on said moving support, a second means for applying glue tothe flaps at the open end of the filled carton so that said fiaps may befolded to close said end, a movable endless belt associated With theother end of the movable support for applying pressure to both ends ofthe carton While on said support to set the glued fiaps of the cartonends and means for adjusting the distance between said conveyor andbelt.

4. An apparatus of the kind described embodying therein a movablesupport, means adjacent one end thereof for applying glue to the flapsat one end of the carton so that they may be folded into superposedrelation to close said end of the carton, means acting upon the edges ofthe fiaps on the open end of said carton for gently urging the cartondown upon said support, means for filling the carton through the openend thereof, means for automatically stopping said carton While on saidsupport under said filling means, a second means for applying glue tothe {iaps at the open end of the filled carton so that said flaps may befolded to close said end and means associated with the other end of saidmoving support for applying pressure to both ends of the. carton Whileon said support to set the glued and folded flaps thereof.

5. An apparatus of the kind described embodying therein a plurality ofendless conveyors arranged end to end and with one running faster thanthe other, means adjacent the faster conveyor for applying glue to thefiaps at one end of the carton so that they may be folded intosuperposed relation -to close said end of the carton, means engagingthel flaps on the open end of the carton for urging the same down gentlyupon said support, means also assocated With said `faster conveyor forfilling the carton, means for arresting said carton While on saidconveyor under said filling means and then re leasing the same whenfilled, means bridging the space between the adjacent ends of theconveyors, a second means for gluing the fiaps at the open end of thefilled carton so that they may be folded over into superposed relationand means also associated with said second conveyor for applyingpressure to both ends of the carton While on said second 'conveyorforsetting the glued and folded flaps thereof.

6. In an apparatus of the kind described, the combination With a movablesupport, means by Which glue may be applied to the fiaps at one end of acarton, means associated With said support for filling a carton throughthe open end thereof, means for guiding said carton While on saidconveyor y into a position beneath said filling means,

means associated with one end of said carton guiding means and actingupon the upright flaps on the open end of the carton for gently urgingit down upon said support before said carton reaches said filling means,and means for arrestin said carton under said filling means, and orreleasing it after it is filled.

7 In an apparatus of the kind described, the combination With a movablesupportL means by which glue may be applied to the flaps 'at one end ofa carton, means associated With said Support for filling a cartonthrough the open end thereof, means for guiding said carton While onsaid conveyor into a position beneathsaid filling means,

means associated with' one end of said carton guiding means and actinupon the up*- right fiaps on the open end o the carton for gently urgingit doWn upon said support before said carton reaches said filling means,means for arresting said carton under said filling means and forreleasing it after it is filled and means for arresting a second cartonin said guiding means at a point spaced from the one being lled.

8. In an apparatus of the'kind described, the combination with a movablesupport, means by which glue may be applied to the flaps at one end of acarton, means associated with said conveyor for filling a carton throughthe open end thereof, means for guiding said carton While on saidconveyor into a position beneath said filling means, a verticallyreciprocating member for engaging the open top end of said carton beforeit reaches said filling means to press the closed end against saidsupport, and means for arresting the carton under said filling means andfor releasing it after it is filled.

9. In an apparatus of the kind described, a frame, a movable conveyorthereon, a carton guide disposed above the conveyor, a shaft arrangedparallel With said conveyor, means adapted to be moved into the path ofsaid carton to stop it at a predetermined point, means verticallyreciprocating toward and away from said conveyor at one end of saidguide to engage the carton from above to hold it against the conveyorand means operated from the shaft for actuating said carton stoppingmeans and said vertically reciprocating means in timed relation.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, this 25th day ofOctober, 1927.

LOUIS R. MUSKAT.

